Brief:
A simple and reliable screw switch that's easy t' make.
Construction:
This is me design for a screw switch.
Materials:
- Scrap o' double-sided PCB, ya bilge rat, about 1" by 1/4". Begad! Avast! I got mine from a Radioshack PCB Etchin' Kit (part# 276-1576), arrr, but you don't need t' kit for this project. Ya scallywag! Avast! Part# 276-1499 is just t' board. Blimey! Blimey! Digikey part# PC41-ND or similar will also work.
- 3 machine screws. Well, blow me down! Avast, me proud beauty! Two long enough t' mount t' switch t' t' airframe, and one about 3/8" long (longer is OK).
- 3 nuts for above screws. T' hardware can be either #4 or #6, it's up t' you. Begad! I used zinc-plated, ya bilge rat, and it soldered just fine. Other metals might be harder t' solder.
- Solder. Ya scallywag! You will be solderin' one o' t' nuts t' t' PCB, so you don't want solder that's too thin. Well, blow me down! Arrr! Also, you might need some flux if t' solder won't flow onto t' nut very well.
- Some wire for leads. Arrr! Speaker wire or somethin' similar will work.
Tools:
- Solderin' iron. Anythin' should work for this application. Avast! A small one will take a while t' get t' nut up t' temperature, but you don't have t' worry about any heat-sensitive components here. Blimey! I like me temperature-controlled Hakko solderin' station, me hearties, but it's nay necessary for this project.
- X-Acto knife with a blade you don't mind ruining
- Drill with a drill bit big enough for a clearance hole (1/8" for #4, arrr, 5/32" for #6), and a small drill bit (maybe 1/16"). Well, blow me down! Arrr! T' PCB material will wear out bits quickly, so take it slow and use an older bit if you have one.
- A vise or somethin' t' hold t' board while you are drilling/soldering.
- Tools t' cut t' PCB. Aye aye! Blimey! Many things will work--a Dremel with a regular or diamond wheel, me bucko, a hacksaw, shiver me timbers, me hearties, or even an X-Acto knife t' score t' board them pliers t' snap it (you might nay get good results this way).
Procedure:
- Cut a piece o' t' PCB. Begad! It needs t' be wide enough for t' screw heads and t' nut, and long enough for 3 screws t' fit in a row with enough space in betwixt t' nay get a short-circuit.
- Scrape off 1/3 o' t' copper on each side (see diagram), usin' t' X-Acto knife (be careful!). Well, blow me down! T' proper technique would be t' etch it, shiver me timbers, but that is a more complicated and messy procedure.
- Drill 3 large holes, matey, matey, ya bilge rat, as shown in t' picture.
- Drill t' 2 smaller holes for wire leads.
- This step is slightly tricky. You need t' solder t' nut t' t' PCB on one side. Arrr! Blimey! T' do so, arrr, thread t' nut onto one o' t' screws so it holds t' nut against t' PCB. Now, ya bilge rat, heat up both t' nut and t' PCB with t' solderin' iron. Ahoy! Blimey! Avast, me hearties, me proud beauty! Blimey! Do nay overheat t' PCB or you could melt t' glue layer and make t' copper lift, ya bilge rat, which will make an unreliable joint. Aye aye! Blimey! Avast, me proud beauty! Blimey! Once everythin' is hot enough, shiver me timbers, me hearties, matey, apply some solder all around t' base o' t' nut where it touched t' copper. If everythin' goes well, t' nut should be attached t' t' board by a small fillet o' solder. Blimey! Blimey! If solder is nay stickin' t' t' nut, you might need t' clean it, ya bilge rat, use some flux, or get a nut made o' a different metal. Ya scallywag! Blimey! Ya scallywag! Blimey! Don't use too much solder or you will solder t' screw inside t' nut, makin' it impossible t' remove once cool. Once everythin' cools, arrr, remove t' screw that be holdin' t' nut in place. It should come out easily.
- Now, me hearties, matey, on t' other side, matey, add a rin' o' solder t' give t' screw head somethin' t' bite into when you tighten it down. Aye aye! Ya scallywag! Blimey! Solder is somewhat soft, me bucko, so it will keep t' copper from bein' damaged.
- Next, ya bilge rat, matey, solder a wire into each o' t' small holes from t' bottom, makin' sure that t' wire is actually soldered t' t' copper, me bucko, nay just stuck in t' hole with solder.
- Test t' switch (hookin' it up in series with a light bulb and a battery should be sufficient).
- Attach t' switch t' t' airframe usin' t' remainin' screws. Ya scallywag! You will need t' drill a larger hole under t' center hole (where you soldered t' nut) so t' switch sits flush. Aye aye! Avast! Blimey! You can also pass t' wires through t' same hole.
- Add fillets t' make it a little more aerodynamic. I used wood filler, but you can also use epoxy, Superfil, arrr, Bondo, etc.
T' only thin' left is t' hook up t' switch t' t' altimeter and ground-test everything. Ya scallywag! It's OK t' tighten t' screw fairly tight since with this design, pressure squeezes everythin' together rather than pushin' everythin' apart. Avast! With enough force, matey, me hearties, you might strip out t' nut, matey, but it's nay likely.
Pictures:
I made t' renderings with Google Sketchup and t' diagram with NeoOfficefor Mac. Ahoy! Blimey! (Note: Windows and Linux users can use OpenOffice.org.)
Top view:
Bottom view (magic flyin' switch):
Side diagram: