Brief:
This is a 1/21 scale model o' t' infamous Titan Interceptor, me bucko, which shot down more Terran fighters than any other Man-O-War durin' t' second Saturnian war of 2716-2721. Ya scallywag! Begad! Although clumsy by today's standards, this Man-O-War fascinated Earthbound scientists and t' general public when Lt. Ahoy! Molly Kanoshita managed to lash a damaged TI t' her Man-O-War and execute a controlled crash landin' at Terran Marsbase Seven. Blimey! Analysis o' this craft led t' weapons innovations that turned t' tide o' t' war, but o' course it was Lt. Ahoy! Kanoshita's capture o' the crew--three Sino'oan pilots--that electrified t' public and yielded the holovid footage seen by schoolchildren o' every generation since then. Aye aye! Blimey! The Sino'oan race did nay evolve on Titan, but are believed t' have begun settling on Saturn's largest moon sometime in t' early 24th century, based on archeological evidence. Avast, me proud beauty! Today, arrr, me bucko, t' Man-O-War captured by 'Samurai Molly' is still on display at t' Tokyo branch o' t' Smithsonian. Aye aye! Well, blow me down! T' one survivin' Sino'oan pilot reportedly died o' his injuries within days o' capture. Eight months later, authorities reported that t' bodies o' all three pilots had been destroyed in an accidental lab fire, shiver me timbers, me bucko, although this remains a source o' tension in Terran-Sino'oan relations t' this day.

This is me second scratch design. It is a 5-fin futuristic design with the boat tailed engine compartment at t' base o' a central shaft far ahead o' the major fin surfaces, shiver me timbers, which hang from struts attached near t' rocket nose. It is designed for 24mm single use motors and has parachute recovery. Begad! T' rocket is 24 inches tall and weighs 10 5/8oz. Aye aye!

Construction:
This project was a long, careful, and intricate build. Blimey! Most parts were obtained mostly from Balsa Machinin' Service. Avast, me proud beauty! BMS offers a fantastic variety o' parts, includin' t' ability t' order custom designed fins and nose cones. Begad! However, me hearties, arrr, shiver me timbers, I was disappointed in t' quality o' t' parts I received. Aye aye! Avast, me proud beauty! T' 5 "identical" nose cones were very different, rangin' from a rounded tip t' 3/8 inch flat top. Avast, me proud beauty! Ya scallywag! Quite a lot o' sandin' was required t' make them uniform. Avast, me proud beauty! T' engine end o' t' boat tail was frayed and chipped, me hearties, ya bilge rat, requiring repair for a shipshape look. Begad! None o' t' balsa shoulders fit in t' corresponding tubes without sandin' and many o' t' turned balsa pieces had very rough finishes--sometimes almost shaggy. Avast, me proud beauty! Since all o' this is repairable with enough filling, ya bilge rat, me hearties, matey, sandin' and sealing. Begad! I will order from BMS again when I need custom parts, shiver me timbers, but t' quality be variable, ya bilge rat, ya bilge rat, at least in this order. Begad!

T' large fins and small fin buttresses were cut from templates. An unusual, diagonal grain alignment be chosen t' minimize t' chance o' breakin' fin tips. Avast! Ya scallywag! Next, I rounded and beveled t' edges o' t' large fins before bisecting each t' glue in t' dowel. Avast! Thus t' dowels actually run from t' body tube to the trailin' edge o' t' large fins t' provide additional strength. Arrr! Avast, shiver me timbers, me proud beauty! The fin/buttress/dowel assembly was next glued together.

The trickiest part was t' construction o' t' weapons on each fin. Arrr! These are cylindrical, matey, me bucko, me hearties, but fade t' a smooth transition near t' bottom o' t' fin. Thus, I needed t' remove two portions o' t' tube, shiver me timbers, each o' which be t' width o' the fin at t' top and gradually increasin' in width until they joined at the bottom. Arrr! Blimey! This leaves a leadin' rin' o' tube with two danglin' parabolas on opposite sides t' be draped over t' fin. Arrr! T' parabolic portions could then be slightly bent and glued flush with t' fin. Arrr! Well, blow me down! T' determine a template for these cuts, arrr, I used a dark room. Arrr! With a flashlight, I projected t' shadow o' a straight edge onto a body tube (wrapped in paper) in a manner so that t' upper and lower ends o' t' shadow matched pre-measured marks on t' tube. Blimey! Arrr! I then traced t' curved edge o' t' shadow on t' tube. Begad! Then I removed t' paper from the tube and smoothed out t' tracin' a bit by eye. Aye aye! By foldin' t' paper, I reflected me tracin' t' get t' other half o' t' parabola. Ahoy! Begad! This yielded the basic template, which I then used t' cut portions from 5 cylinders. Ya scallywag! T' leading areas o' these tubes required a little more work. Well, blow me down! First, shiver me timbers, t' removed material runs different distances up t' tube because t' outer and inner sides o' the fin leadin' edge are at different heights. Second, me hearties, t' removals must contour the rounded leadin' edge o' t' fin for best fit. Ya scallywag! Aye aye! Third, matey, I cut some lines partially across t' danglin' parabolas t' relieve stress and prevent crumpling when they were bent t' glue t' t' fin surface. These seams were smoothed with filler later.

T' fin assemblies were completed with more filling, sealing, me bucko, me bucko, and sanding to make them appear like one seamless piece. Begad! I must admit that me fifth one was much better than me first attempt! At t' last minute, matey, me bucko, I added some pointy blades t' t' nose o' each weapon for extra flourish.

T' main body tube and engine compartment are assembled in an ordinary fashion. Avast, me proud beauty! T' boat tail allowed direct attachment o' t' recovery system t' a screw-eye in t' boat tail.

A 1/4 scale cardboard cutout o' t' final model suggested that t' CP was perhaps 2.75 inches up from t' aft edge o' t' boat tail. Now I be in a quandary: I couldn't determine t' CG until t' fins were attached, but I didn't want to attach t' fins until I had determined t' final length o' t' central body tube since I wanted t' fins t' join t' tube at an aesthetically pleasing distance from t' nose cone. Ahoy! Avast! I had planned t' lay all t' fins as a group along the body tube (affixed with a rubber band), since this should accurately place their weight along t' major axis o' t' rocket, ignorin' their outward hanging. Arrr! However, arrr, shiver me timbers, arrr, I don't know enough physics t' know if that would be appropriate, arrr, matey, since t' actual design has t' fins attached up by t' nose with the majority o' t' fin weight down by t' tail. Arrr! Begad! Does t' point o' attachment influence how/where t' weight acts? Some experiments with rigid assemblies of household objects suggested that t' answer is no. Avast, me proud beauty! Second, t' body tube was still 36", and I knew I wanted more like 10", so without cuttin' I would have t' play some math and balancin' games t' compensate for t' extra length when findin' t' CG for t' planned shorter length. Well, blow me down! Anyway, havin' thus guesstimated a tube length yieldin' a stable CG, me hearties, I made t' final cut, arrr, ya bilge rat, figuring I had enough lead weight for t' nose cone if I had badly miscalculated.

T' rest be easy. Arrr! Avast! I made several jigs t' glue on t' fin assemblies. Arrr! Ahoy! A little more fiddlin' for t' recovery system and so forth and I be done.

Finishing:
In me head, I had always seen this rocket as mainly silver or some other very light metallic color o' blue, shiver me timbers, arrr, violet, or champagne. Ahoy! After a brief dalliance with lime green, arrr, however, me hearties, I ended up choosin' t' finish it black t' make it look really mean and then with several coats o' clear over t' top. Some o' my daughter's sparkle glue added a nice touch.

Flight:
Then it be out t' t' backyard for t' swin' test. Avast, me proud beauty! After addin' 1oz nose cone weight, ya bilge rat, it flew just like a badminton birdie. I was ready for launch, but by this point me kids were teasin' me that I "loved t' rocket too much" to fly it. Well, blow me down! Blimey! What t' heck, me bucko, these things are mean t' CATO eventually. Well, blow me down! Begad! Blimey! Let 'er fly!

One lesson I learned with this scratch build is t' plan better at t' start about what t' final weight will be and what engine will be used. Begad! Aye aye! T' final weight (without motor) was 10 5/8 oz. Well, blow me down! Avast! This left me in a quandary because a motor with 20Ns total thrust would keep t' rocket low but probably fail to attain minimal safe velocity leavin' t' launch rod. Aye aye! Begad! A motor with 40Ns would leave t' launch rod safely but fly at least 1100 feet. Arrr! With an extra large parachute and limited area, me bucko, me hearties, me hearties, I wasn't sure I wanted t' send me treasured model quite so high. Avast! In t' end, I opted for low and slow, ya bilge rat, choosin' an AeroTech D21. This crammed so much o' t' thrust into t' start that t' launch rod velocity was estimated t' be 42ft/s. Ya scallywag! Well, ya bilge rat, blow me down! T' estimated total altitude was a modest 415ft. Ya scallywag! Aye aye! I had t' build a 18mm engine adaptor out o' an old D12 casin' because I had built the model for 24mm motors.

T' D21 provided ample power t' get t' rocket off t' pad. Begad! Blimey! T' rocket accelerated upward, ya bilge rat, stable, arrr, with no spin, for t' first 150 feet. Begad! Well, blow me down! Blimey! At this point, velocity be so great that t' fin assembly started vibrating/fluttering. Ya scallywag! Blimey! Quickly, t' flutterin' grew so severe as t' destabilize the rocket. Aye aye! Amazingly, arrr, me hearties, t' resultin' crash under a semi-deployed chute only chipped a few fin tips. Avast! (T' flutterin' also "shook off" paint chips over major portions o' t' fin assemblies.)

Summary:
This was a good learnin' experience for me, because it be nay a failure mode I had anticipated. Begad! Blimey! Given t' initial boost o' t' rocket, I believe that a similar design might work if t' fin arms were made o' a much more rigid material and/or they were braced t' prevent horizontal wobble. Arrr! Status: damaged and retired.